psychology query

brain damage               "brain damage is an injury that causes the destruction or deterioration of brain cells." causes there are many reasons of brain damage such as illness injuries as a result of iatrogenesis _(adverse effects of medical treatment) prolonged hypoxia(shortage of oxygen) infection poisoning teratogens(including alcohol) trauma stroke neurological illness surgery etc.

  Amnesia  "disorder in which the major symptom is a problem with memory; either the individual can,t recall previously learned things or can,t put new information into memory."   causes      there are many causes of amnesia some are as following,   electric shock. an injury to brain. tumor in the brain. intoxication or drug abuse. during surgery waste of brain cells. severe shock to brain.   The most common types of amnesia are:   Anterograde amnesia:  A person with anterograde amnesia cannot remember new information. This usually results from brain trauma, such as a blow to the head that causes brain damage. The person will have their full memory from the time before the injury. Retrograde amnesia: In some ways the opposite of anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia is when a person cannot remember events that occurred before their trauma, but they can remember what happened after it. In rare cases, both retrograde and anterogra

memory      " in psychology, memory is an organism,s ability to store,retain & recall information and experiences."

learning              "learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience."

concept of needs and drives            need,                              "need is a certain lack within an organism.an animal that needs something is simply means it lacks some thing." drive,        " a drive is an aroused state resulting from some bodily or tissue need,such as need for food,water and oxygen." 

motivation definition      " motivation is the general term for all the processes involved in starting ,directing and maintaining physical and psychological activities."(zimbardo and gerrig 1996)   "a motive is an internal activator or modifier"(dr.munn)

VALIDITY         "the validity of a test refers to its ability to measures ,what it is supposed to measure."